Acne is a common skin condition seen in teenagers and young adults due to blockage of hair follicles with oil and dead skin cells. Symptoms range from blackheads to pus-filled pimples or large, red and tender bumps called cysts.
One of the commonest complications of acne affecting the quality of life of anindividual. Acne scars can be depressed or elevated depending on the amount of collagen produced.


AKN is a chronic and resistant skin condition mistaken for acne or razor bumps. It begins with acne-like breakouts on the back of the scalp or neck, affecting most commonly men in the 14 and 25 years of age. Without proper treatment, AKN results in keloid like scars.
Pigmentation can occur due to various causes
Melasma is a common skin condition seen mostly in women and sometimes men, that causes patches and brownish to black spots, usually on the face, Melasma is so common during pregnancy that it’s sometimes called the “mask of pregnancy.” Melasma usually goes away after delivery. Melasma can occur in women on oral contraceptive pills.
Women who have medium to dark skin tones are most likely to develop melasma. Melasma appears as tan, brown, grayish brown, or bluish gray patches and freckle-like spots on certain areas of face like the cheeks, forehead, chin, and even above the upper lip. Melasma cannot go away forever. Though treatments such as creams and few procedures can help fade the discoloration. Exposure to sunlight always darkens the pigmentation.


People tan on exposure to sunlight. Sunlight contains UVA and UVB rays which penetrate to the lower layers of the epidermis and trigger cells called melanocytes to produce melanin when a person is exposed to sunlight for a long duration, hence resulting in tanning.
Freckles are small brown spots on the skin that occur in areas of sun exposure. Freckles are harmless, but a cosmetic concern. Freckles occur as a result of overproduction of melanin. Overall, freckles occur due to excessive ultraviolet (UV) radiation stimulation.


Under eye dark circles happen when the skin beneath both eyes appears hyperpigmented. Common causes of dark circles include improper sleep, lack of hydration, vitamin deficiencies, dry itchy skin/eczema, constant rubbing, stress, not removing makeup on time, and excessive sun exposure. Sometimes the puffy eyelids or hollows under the eyes as a normal process of ageing give the appearance of dark circles.